Doctoral student courses
We offer courses at a PhD level as a part of your postgraduate studies.
The Department of Physics offer courses at a postgraduate level to both internal and external PhD students. Contact the person responsible for the course to get information about prerequisites and how to apply.
Language of instruction: English.
Semester and study period: spring period 1.
The course in brief
The aim of the course is to give deepened knowledge in the physics of accelerators and experience in both calculations and modelling of accelerator systems. In addition, the course aims at providing a fundamental understanding of the Free Electron Laser and its accelerator systems.
Language of instruction: English.
Semester and study period: spring period 1.
The course in brief
Electromagnetic radiation is probably the most important issue in physics and technology. It is the basis of most communication, the main tool to investigate materials and also relevant for energy transfer. In this course the students shall learn to apply Maxwell's equations to study the generation, propagation, and absorption of electromagnetic radiation. In particular, antennas, synchrotron radiation, wave-guides, and dispersion are considered in detail. For this purpose, a variety of advanced tools, such as Lienard-Wiechert potentials and Kramers-Kronig relations, are provided. Additionally, an introduction to special relativity and its relation to electrodynamics is given. A project, where the students address topical issues, complements the course.
The course is given: spring semester, period 2.
The course in brief
The aim of the course is to give students knowledge on techniques for creating and manipulating laser light and laser pulses This course provides both theoretical and hands on experience of lasers and non-linear optics. It goes from the basics to the research front within some aspects of the physics of lasers. The students will be exposed to lasers providing ultrashort pulses, non-linear crystals and light modulators.
Course is given: spring term, study period 2.
The course in brief
The course should give the student an ability to perform calculations and derivations using a modern quantum mechanical formalism, especially in vector spaces with continuous eigenvalue spectra. The student should also achieve an improved ability to assimilate the contents of research articles in modern physics and be able to apply the formalism on concrete physical problems.
The course in brief
Introduction to x-rays: nature, properties, generation, interactions with matter. Introduction to microscopy: advancements, sensitivity, resolution, contrast, field of view and time-domain. Incoherent x-ray microscopy methods: tomography, scanning fluorescence microscopy, scanning diffraction microscopy, PEEM and STXM. Coherent x-ray microscopy methods: scanning x-ray diffraction microscopy, Holography, coherent diffraction imaging and ptychography. Microscopy applied to specific materials: magnetic materials, magnetic holography, neutron tomography, microscopy applied to semiconductor nanostructures and biological materials.
The course is given: cancelled spring 2023
The course in brief
The aim of the course is to provide an introduction to the neutron as a tool for science and engineering. Emphasis will be placed upon the generation of neutron beams, the basics of advanced (state-of-the-art) neutron detectors, modern fission reactors, and methods for shielding and radiation protection. Special emphasis will be placed upon techniques and applications that relate to the European Spallation Source (ESS).
The course in brief
This course combines theory and laboratory exercises providing extensive knowledge and familiarity with modern equipment and methods for spectroscopy and spectroscopy applications. Special emphasis is given to the area of laser spectroscopy. Research equipment is used in the laboratory exercises. The course gives a review of atomic and molecular structure, radiative and scattering processes, spectroscopy of inner electrons, optical spectroscopy, resonance methods, tunable lasers, laser spectroscopy and applications.
The course in brief
The course provides understanding of physical, chemical and meteorological processes in the atmosphere as well as environmental consequences of changes of atmospheric composition caused by human activities, such as climate change and destruction of stratospheric ozone. The course should also provide a capability to assess and discuss environmental issues within the working life and societal debate from a natural science perspective.
The course in brief
Introduction to digital imaging and image properties including practical work. Overview of software available for digital image processing. Introduction to and practical work with ImageJ software.
The course in brief
The course aims to provide knowledge on light interactions with diverse biological tissue found in living beings, organic matter and our natural surroundings. Understanding these interactions allows to select appropriate techniques and design optimal instrumentation for probing key features to characterize, classify or grade the health/quality of diverse biological samples. The course grasps spatial scales from microscopic cellular level, through the macroscopic regime to remote sensing of our biosphere. The course covers underlying physical principles of light in biology with a tour of biophotonic instrumental approaches developed until today. For deepened understanding and practical experience, the course will offer a creative hands-on project for student groups to freely develop a simple setup for a biophotonic technique, apply it to a selected sample and present it at the end of the course. The course equips the student with a unique engineering tool-set valuable for development and application of modern photonics in life sciences.
The course in brief
The course aims at giving an introduction to chaotic systems, that is non-linear systems that are deterministic but with a time development which is not predictable over longer periods. The course should give a possibility to reflect over the fascinating phenomena which may show up in chaotic systems, for example strange attractors and in this context a basic comprehension of the importance of fractal geometry, or the possibility that the solar system is unstable over a longer time scale.
The course in brief
To be added
The course in brief
In this course, we will in detail go through the fundamental aspects of crystal growth. We will treat the thermodynamic preconditions for crystal growth such as chemical potential, construction of binary phase diagrams, supersaturation and nucleation. Further, we will study surface energies, surface diffusion and Wulff’s theorem. Within the course section on epitaxial growth, we will discuss concepts such as surface reconstruction, lattice matching, dislocations and characterisation both in- and ex-situ. We will also go through growth methods and reactor models. During the course, the different subparts will be highlighted with examples from modern research, in particular research on epitaxy of nanostructures.
The course in brief
To be added
The course in brief
Study of the electronic structure of materials forms an important part of research in materials science. In this course we will focus on theories and methods currently used in realistic electronic structure calculations. Density functional theory is central to modern electronic structure theory and will form a significant part of the course. Band-structure methods, crucial for applying electronic structure theories to calculate the electronic structure of materials, are covered in some details. Most of the methods dealt in the course are based on one-particle (mean field) theories but in the last part of the course an introduction to Green's function theory, widely used to treat systems of interacting electrons, is given.
The course in brief
The course gives a specialisation in interdisciplinary work with a focus on experimental methods within biophysics. The course aims specifically at giving an introduction to the intersection of modern physics, nanotechnology, biomolecular chemistry and biology. By being based on current scientific articles, the course prepares the students for future research work.
The course in brief
This course is about the properties and use of synchrotron radiation in modern science. The design and construction of the optical elements required for focusing, imaging and diffraction constitute a central part of this course. An overview of experimental techniques and methods used in spectroscopy, structure determination, imaging, microscopy, and tomography is also part of the curriculum. Furthermore, the special properties of Free Electron Lasers, i.e. the extremely short, powerful pulses, are described, as well as the applications of this radiation in new research fields.
The course in brief
The student should learn, understand and use important tools and technologies that are used in experimental natural sciences in general, and physics experiments in particular, especially electronics and statistics.
The course in brief
The course provides basic education on: (1) the most important biological, chemical and physical processes that govern the concentrations of gases and aerosol particles in the atmosphere, (2) how the biosphere interacts with the atmosphere, and (3) how to implement these processes numerically in atmospheric models.
The course in brief
To be added.
The course in brief
This course aims at providing the basics for understanding combustion phenomena. This includes thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, ignition, fluid dynamics and the formation of pollutants. From the knowledge in these areas it is possible to reach an understanding for energy related and environmental problems connected to real life combustion.
The course in brief
The course includes theory (3 credits) and a project (4.5 credits). The purpose of the theory part is to give course participants the opportunity to become acquainted with the terminology of gender studies, its subject and research. During the project, the goal is to give the student the opportunity to examine some part of their own education or teaching from a gender perspective.
The course is a result of a collaboration between Department of Physics, Science Faculty, Engineering Faculty and the Department of Gender Studies.
The course in brief
Handling digital data, format conversions and basic image processing, data calibration and measurements, convolution and frequency filters, particle/cell detection and measurement, particle tracking, 3D image stacks, ImageJ macro programming.
The course in brief
The course was initiated by The Queen's University of Belfast, Lund University and Université de Rennes 1. The course will give you training in doing calculations and numerical experiments. During the course, subjects such as the following will be covered: Atomic structure- central field, correlation, relativistic effects, radiative transitions, Configuration Interaction, Hartree-Fock and Dirac-Fock-methods, Z-dependent theory. Atomic processes- the close-coupling model, the R-matrix method, Photoionization, electron-ion-collisions, resonances. Applications of atomic physics within for example astrophysics, fusion research or fluorescent light research.
The course in brief
The course covers a wide range of programming aspects essential for scientists. The following subjects are addressed: usage of UNIX-based operating systems, for example, Linux, overview of usage of programming in various areas of science (data analysis, simulation etc), overview of commonly used programming languages, for example, C++ and Java, basic concepts of object-oriented code design, basics of code development techniques using a selected language (C++), usage of standard code building tools in a UNIX-based environment, for example, Linux (gmake, gcc)
The course in brief
The course content is an introduction to the digital image dataset and fundamental research imaging data processing and analysis operations.
The course in brief
The aim of the course is to teach the physical principles of lasers as well as to give an orientation of the different laser types and laser techniques. The course includes: Gaussian beams, propagation through optical components, resonator optics, photons and atoms, amplifiers, mode structure, continuous and pulsed laser operation. Two laboratory exercises, in groups of only four students and a highly qualified supervisor, are included: The Helium Neon laser, The Neodymium laser. The students will also be given a design project using the ray tracing program FRED.
The course in brief
The course intends to give a basic physical understanding of the potential of laser diagnostic methods to non-intrusively measure parameters, as for example temperature and species concentrations in combustion processes. Central elements in the course are thereby interaction between radiation and matter, lasers and their properties, optics, optical measuring technique, molecular physics and combustion. The unique information that can be received from combustion processes with laser diagnostics can together with advanced modelling lead to a detailed knowledge of combustion processes. Such understanding is important to increase efficiency with lower concentrations of contaminants, which are important in view of the fact that combustion processes contributes to more than 90% of the energy supply of the world.
The course in brief
The aim of the course is to give the student an advanced knowledge in atomic physics and especially on the interaction between light and matter. An introduction to several modern research fields such as atoms in strong laser fields, laser cooling and trapping of atoms, quantum computers will be given.
The course in brief
The course will give an introduction to magnetism and a selection of current research topics. The course will also describe magnetic measurement techniques based on magnetometry, X-rays, neutrons, and scanning probes.
The course in brief
To be added.
The course in brief
The course aims at providing the necessary knowledge for understanding metallic gas phase epitaxies of semiconductor structures with respect to thermodynamic and kinetic aspects as well as detailed insight into commonly used material systems and their various challenges with regard to synthesis in practice and theory.
The course in brief
General air quality problems and their environmental and health effects are presented. Discussion of various measurement scenarios. Multiphase processes in air pollution studies. Physical and chemical processes associated with air pollution. Measurement and analytical methods based on physical and chemical characterisation of air pollutants. A project dealing with evaluation of environmental measurement data. Laboratory exercises where high technology research equipment is used or demonstrated.
The aim of the course is to give the student an advanced knowledge in atomic physics and especially on the interaction between light and matter. An introduction to several modern research fields such as atoms in strong laser fields, laser cooling and trapping of atoms, quantum computers will be given.
The course in brief
Modelling and simulation of elementary particles and nuclides passage through matter.
The course in brief
The course addresses current research topics in particle and astroparticle physics, and focuses on aspects of current and future experiments in the area. The course consists of two major parts: Current Front-line Research, and Experiments and Methods, representing 7.5 ECTS credits together.
The course in brief
The course is intended for anyone who wants to broaden the knowledge of nuclear and subatomic physics from a more experimental perspective. The topics covered are of interest not only to those who wish to specialize in the field, but also to people interested in subjects as varied as astrophysics, particle physics and experimental physics in general.
Taken together with, for example, courses in theoretical physics and experimental methods, FYS246 this course can serve as a gateway to graduate-level studies. The course is also open to graduate students.
The course in brief
This course will focus on the present state of many-body physics, giving a broad perspective on the status of the field through the analysis of literature of application of many-body theory to several physical systems.
The course in brief
The course provides a substantial introduction to the interaction of X-rays with matter and its applications, with an emphasis on diffraction, imaging and other methods used at MAX IV. Topics covered include: Scattering and absorption, refractive index, scattering from non-crystalline material, SAXS, scattering from crystalline material, X-ray diffraction (XRD), reciprocal lattice, Ewald’s sphere, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray imaging, tomography, coherent X-ray imaging.
The course in brief
The course treats how molecules interact with electromagnetic radiation. Much emphasis is put on diatomic molecules and simpler polyatomic molecules, both theoretical and practical. Properties such as attractive forces, bounding distances, moment of inertia, molecular mass and temperature can be read from measured spectra. The course mainly covers interaction with molecules in the gas phase.
The course in brief
This course will offer an overview of thermodynamic phenomena and kinetic processes from a materials science perspective, with application towards nanomaterials.
The course in brief
The course teaches the basic principles of optics and gives practical knowledge on optical design, with the help of a ray tracing program.
The course in brief
The course will provide a platform both for the selection of suitable devices for various applications in optoelectronics and optical communication and for the development of next generation devices. To achieve this, the course will emphasise the underlying physics as well as how performance is affected by device design and materials properties.
The course in brief
Redox reactions and electrode potentials, mass transport: migration, convection and diffusion, single-step electrode reactions, multi-step electrode reactions, Marcus theory and transition state theory, the electrochemical double layer, semi-conductors and space charge, voltammetry and measurement techniques, scanning microscopy techniques, surface electrochemistry, adsorption, under-potential deposition, metal deposition, electrochemistry at micro and Nano electrodes, catalysis and nanoparticles, corrosion, batteries and fuel cells.
The course in brief
Intensive course in signal processing for particle detectors.
Language of instruction: English.
Semester and study period: spring period 2.
The course in brief
The course aims at giving an introduction into surface science, which is concerned with the properties and the chemistry of surfaces and interfaces on an atomic length scale. Surfaces play a central role in a variety of modern technologies spanning from heterogenous catalysis to devices based on nano-structured materials. The surface physics course will offer a general introduction to the structural, electronic and vibrational properties of atoms and molecules at surfaces and interfaces from a mainly experimental viewpoint. Key topics include adsorption and growth of molecule and adatom layers, synchrotron based electron spectroscopies, Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED) and the use of Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM) to visualize individual atoms and molecules at surfaces.
The course in brief
The course deals with the exciting field of high-resolution microscopy using scanning probe methods. Today these techniques have found their use in a wide range of research areas - from advanced physics and chemistry with atomic precision to applications in life sciences. The course will encompass both theoretical and practical aspects of handling and possible applications of SPM. The techniques of STM (Scanning Tunneling Microscopy) and AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) will be given particular attention.
The course in brief
The goal of the course is to give students an understanding of the communicative purpose of the information and discourse structures in scientific research articles in their fields. The students should be able to apply this to their own writing and understand how to structure a scientific article, and how to write a draft version of a manuscript.
The course in brief
This course aims to extend the material covered in the basic courses in Solid State Physics, Electronic Materials and Device Physics and provide a broader and deeper understanding of the physics of today's semiconductor devices. This includes discussions on the materials properties and physical principles underlying fundamental devices such as diodes, bipolar transistors and metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors, so called MOSFETs.
The course in brief
The course shall provide a better understanding of central concepts in solid state physics and their relation to the basic theories of quantum mechanics and electrodynamics. The students shall learn how these concepts can be applied to model physical effects quantitatively. Particular emphasis is given towards topics relevant to ongoing research in solid state physics and nanoscience in Lund.
The course in brief
The course is intended to show you how one can use spectroscopy methods to gain a quantum mechanical understanding of the properties of different forms of matter. Therefore we will study both certain aspects of the quantum mechanical description of matter as well as different spectroscopy methods.
The course in brief
The overall aim of the course is that you should learn about the importance of symmetries in physics and how they can be described using group theory. You will also learn how to use different group theoretical tools and how physical problems can be simplified with the help of symmetry arguments.
The course in brief
Concepts about heterostructures and resulting low dimensional systems, such as quantum wells, nanowires and quantum dots. Quantum physics applied to such systems. Optical properties of low dimensional systems (transition rules, polarisation et cetera). Electron transport properties of 2D and 1D systems. Quantised conductance with Landauer-formalism. Scattering phenomena in 1D. Devices based on quantum phenomena and Coulomb blockade.
The course in brief
The purpose of the course is to make the students familiar with the basic theoretical concepts of superconductivity. They should also be able to use analytical and numerical methods to study basic phenomena in superconductivity based on the London equations, Ginzburg-Landau theory, and BCS theory. The course also gives some basic knowledge of some applications of superconductivity.
To be annonced